MANILA, Philippines — Ask most people what elite athletes eat, and they will describe the pre-match meal. The pasta the night before. The banana before warmups. The sports drink on the sidelines.
Almost no one talks about what happens after the final whistle. And that is a problem, because according to Dr. Krissy Ladner, director of sports performance and nutrition education at Herbalife, the first hour after training is one of the most important hours in sports nutrition.
“It is where the damage of the workout gets repaired, where energy stores get refilled, and where the body starts preparing for the next session,” said Dr. Ladner
As a sports dietitian working with professional soccer players, Dr. Ladner spends as much time on recovery nutrition as she does on pre-match fueling – maybe more.
To help athletes recover effectively, Dr. Ladner uses a simple mnemonic that any player, at any level, can remember: the 4 Rs.
R #1: Replenish
The first job is to refill muscle glycogen. During a match or a hard workout, your body pulls from stored carbohydrate in the muscles to power high-intensity work — sprinting, jumping, changing direction. If you could not hold a conversation mid-workout because you were breathing too hard, you used stored carbs, and you need to refuel.
The Department of Science and Technology – Food and Nutrition Research Institute (DOST-FNRI) 2023 study shows that rice remains the main source of energy for Filipinos, accounting for more than half (58%) of the daily calories consumed[1]. For measurements, the target is 30 to 60 grams of carbohydrate in the first hour after training. A bowl of rice with lean protein, a turkey sandwich on whole grain bread, or a recovery smoothie with fruit and oats all get you there.
R #2: Repair
The second job is repairing the muscle tissue that was broken down during training. Protein provides the building blocks for that process, so we want to keep amino acid levels in the bloodstream elevated to support repair and recovery. The target is 15 to 30 grams of high-quality protein — chicken, fish, eggs, dairy, or a protein shake. This matters most after strength work, but every hard training session creates some muscle damage, and protein helps repair it.
A useful ratio elite players use for their immediate post-match meal or shake is 3:1 carbs to protein. That translates to roughly 60 to 120 grams of carbs and 20 to 40 grams of protein. It is a simple framework to build a recovery smoothie around. Frozen fruit, oats, milk or a plant-based alternative, and a scoop of protein is all it takes.
R #3: Reinforce
This one gets skipped more than any of the others, but it’s the one athletes should care most about in the long run. Reinforce means supporting muscle cells, immune function, and the nervous system with colorful, anti-inflammatory whole foods: fruits and vegetables, whole grains, nuts, fish, and olive oil.
This is where tart cherries come in. There is solid evidence that tart cherry juice can help reduce muscle soreness, support recovery after hard training, and may also help with sleep. Turmeric, specifically curcumin, has similar benefits when it comes to reducing inflammation and soreness.
That said, these are not to be regarded as magic recovery tools or something that’s going to build muscle faster. They are more about helping one feel better and recover between sessions. And like anything else, they work best as part of an overall routine versus a standalone fix.
R #4: Rehydrate
Water is the start, not the finish. During a hard session, you do not just lose water; you lose sodium, potassium and magnesium through sweat, and rehydration requires replacing all of them. For less intense exercise that does not produce much sweat, water is usually enough. But if you have been sweating heavily, you need electrolytes in your post-workout meal or drink. Sodium is especially important because it holds fluid in the body and helps pull it back into your cells.
The simplest test of rehydration status is urine color, which should look like pale lemonade, not apple juice.
The 5th R: Rest
This is the easiest one to do and the easiest one to forget. Recovery is not just about what you eat and drink. Your body needs time to heal and repair before you get back out there. Sleep is when growth hormones are released and when muscle tissue rebuilds. Despite this, more than half (56%) of Filipinos get less than the recommended seven hours of sleep nightly[2]. Rest is part of training. It is what allows your body to recover, reduce injury risk, and actually perform at a higher level over time.
The elite-to-everyday translation
The 4 Rs are not just for pros. If your last session challenged you, where you were working with intent and not just going through the motions, this same framework applies. The portions scale with your body and your workload, but the logic does not change. Replenish, Repair, Reinforce, Rehydrate — and then Rest.
The match may be over when the whistle blows. Your recovery is just beginning.
